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Ten Quotes from 'All of My Heart' That Will Make You Swoon

All of My Heart by Sara Naveed is a love story about two friends who traverse the depth of their friendship. Rehaan has always been in love with Zynah since they were kids. After many years of separation, he moves to London and wishes to meet Zynah there. All his hopes are crushed when he finds out that Zynah is betrothed to someone else.
Can Rehaan tell Zynah his heart’s desire even after such a turn of events? Find out in this charming read!
Here we give you a few quotes from the book that are sure to flood you with their intensity:


“I fell in love with Zynah Malik at the very first sight and forgot all my troubles.”

~

“My heart pulsated wildly, and my breath seemed to stop. What had her smile done to me?”

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“I did not believe in love at first sight. However, she made me rethink my own beliefs. I had never thought that one encounter could make me fall head over heels for someone.”

~

“She would acknowledge me with a nod of her head and one of her rare, winning smiles. My heart would sink and my stomach turn somersaults. Not knowing how to react, I would hastily smile back and turn my attention towards my books.”

~

“Apart from her beauty and intellect, there was something else about her that made me want her. I was smitten by her personality, and every day waited to catch a glimpse of her in school.”

~

“Her lips, made prominent with a luscious shade of pink lipstick, stretched into a smile. I couldn’t take my eyes off her.”

~

“No matter what she did, I loved her. None of her shortcomings could make me un-love her.”

~

“I was seeing her after a week and it felt soothing. I had missed her.”

~

“I looked at her while she ate her ice cream. I wished she knew how much I cared for her and loved her…”

~

“I embraced her back, forgetting everything around us. I took in her fragrance and buried my face in her hair.”


What will Rehaan do? Risk ruining their friendship and tell her he loves her or let her marry the man she has chosen? Read All of My Heart to find out!

A River Sutra : an Excerpt

An elderly bureaucrat escapes the world to run a guest house on the banks of India’s holiest river, the Narmada, only to find he has made the wrong choice. Too many lives converge here. Among those who disturb his tranquility are a privileged young executive bewitched by a mysterious lover; a novice Jain monk who has abandoned opulence for poverty; a heartbroken woman with a golden voice; an ascetic and the child he has saved from prostitution. Through their stories A River Sutra explores the fragile longings of the human heart and the sacred power of the river.
Here is an interesting excerpt from the book:


A River Sutra is a folder or portfolio crammed with stories and anecdotes—folklore, legends, myths, narrated stories proliferate throughout this slim novel. The frame is, on first acquaintance, simple. An unnamed middle-aged senior (and powerful) bureaucrat, tired of work, retires to run a government rest house on the banks of the Narmada. He thinks of this stage of his life as the vanaprastha, the ancient Indian tradition of retiring to a forest to live like a hermit and contemplate spiritual matters following the end of the phase of fulfilling worldly obligations.
In his walks around the beautiful setting—lovingly and evocatively depicted by Mehta—and in his life as the manager of a guest house, he comes in contact with a number of people who tell him stories. Mehta is ingenious about how these encounters come about so as to keep the connection with the frame as seamless and credible as possible.
There is a diamond trader who has become a Jain monk, renouncing extraordinary wealth for a life of extreme poverty and hardship. There is a music teacher who is given charge of a poor blind boy with an
ethereal voice and a preternatural musical talent. A courtesan comes our narrator’s way while searching for her daughter, who has been abducted by the most infamous bandit in the Vindhyas.
Another chapter, which I can only call a story of erotic possession and subsequent exorcism, centres on a high-flying city executive who has a mysterious relationship with a tribal woman. There is the story of an ascetic, a Naga sanyasi, who saves a child from prostitution and brings her up in caves and jungles, teaching her how to become a traditional Narmada minstrel who sings of the great river.
This final story will be of particular relevance to the spiritual education of our narrator and will also contain a twist that will have a bearing on the novel’s structure, particularly on the relationship between the frame and the inset tales. With the exception of this final story, most of the inset narratives have tragic, and often shocking, ends.


Through their stories A River Sutra explores the fragile longings of the human heart and the sacred power of the river.

Something Strange and Sinister – an excerpt from ‘The Spell of the Flying Foxes’

It is a commonly held belief in India that flying foxes augur prosperity. They were certainly abundant in the Champaran region of north Bihar. Here in 1845, an Englishman, Alfred Augustus Tripe, fascinated by the prospect of farming indigo, known as Blue Gold, was drawn to its isolated wilderness.
In The Spell of the Flying Foxes author Sylvia Dyer, recaptures what now seems a fairy-tale world of picturesque beauty, peopled by unique and unforgettable characters.

————————————————————
Here is an excerpt from the chapter Something Strange and Sinister.
The floods that year were devastating. But now it was all over. With the coming of September the water receded. The transplanted paddy seedlings stood vivid green and upright, and the sugar cane was six feet high, with still another three months to go. All should have been well with our world.

But it was not.
The pi-dogs of Musahari Tola were seized by a sudden jitteriness, insisting on being let into the huts to sleep with the Musahars at night. They were kicked out with rough reprimands: ‘Worthless pariahs, are you watchdogs or lapdogs?’
Early next morning, one of the watchdogs had quit and was never seen again. Slowly more watchdogs began to disappear, and always one at a time. It was a mystery in a land where mysteries were quickly cleared up.
 Other villages too were in for mysterious disappearances, villages where only the upper-caste Hindus lived. Most of them owned at least one acre of this fertile land and were comfortably off. Their wives lived in purdah, seldom stepping out to work or socialize, but spending their lives as honoured housewives in their own thatched prisons, for each home had a little private courtyard with high thatched walls. Inside they ground the grain, milked the buffalo, cooked the meals and lived out their lives in cloistered contentment. In the dark hours just before dawn, proud sons of the village mounted on their buffaloes made a slow but certain beeline for our mango groves, or the adjacent fi elds, to graze furtively on the current crops, returning at sunrise, the riders full of song and the buffaloes full of milk for their owners.
But one morning, a buffalo failed to return.
 ‘I tell you, brother, it has been sent to the pound!’
‘The pound? But then, where is the boy? Has the earth swallowed him up?’
 That evening we went to visit Harry. He had built a narrow bamboo bridge across the Mahari so he could visit us or take a short cut through Puchkurwa to the railway station. It served its purpose well enough till a bad fl ood, like the one we had just experienced, swept it clean away.
So we sat on our bank, and he on his, with sixty feet of water in between. It was a little more than knee-deep in most places, scarcely a setback for our usual social exchanges. His servants waded across with chairs for us, and we sat shouting at each other, above the ripple of restless, running water.
Ghogra appeared on Harry’s side, in a snow-white uniform, dhoti hitched up, and a tray of fried snacks carried high above his head as he waded into the water. He had almost reached our bank when, all of a sudden, he lost his footing. His turban flew like a snowball. The eyes in the bulldog face popped, and the mouth opened. And he was gone.
 A moment later he reappeared coated with grey silt, and still clutching the tray. But the fried snacks had gone to the fishes, along with the dishes. Even from our bank, we could see the irritation on Harry’s face. They were from his best set. ‘He is the king of idiots, this Ghogra, and such a show-off!’
Nobody laughed out loud.
The setting sun sent out a blaze of fiery orange from the western horizon as Ghogra was making his slimy way back to Harry’s bank, grumbling about the upkeep of bridges, when—
‘Shh!’ Dad raised a hand for silence. ‘Crikey! Did you hear that?’
 ‘Hear what?’
‘A call . . . I could swear I heard a strange call in the distance, bloody strange.’
Some of the servants had heard it too. ‘Baap re baap! It’s a bhooth—an evil spirit!’

Nostalgic, funny and sad, The Spell of the Flying Foxes is a true story of a plantation in North Bihar on India’s border with Nepal

 

The Great Gatsby: A Rich Man in India – an excerpt from the 'The Beautiful and the Damned'

The Beautiful and the Damned examines India’s many contradictions through various individual and extraordinary perspectives. Like no other writer, Siddhartha Deb humanizes the post-globalization experience in the book–its advantages, failures, and absurdities. India is a country where you take a nap and someone has stolen your job, where you buy a BMW but still have to idle for cows crossing your path.
Available for the first time with the controversial and previously unpublished first chapter, The Beautiful and the Damned is as important and incisive today as it was when it was first published. Here is an excerpt from that first chapter of the book, titled The Great Gatsby: A Rich Man in India.


A phenomenally wealthy Indian who excites hostility and suspicion is an unusual creature, a fish that has managed to muddy the waters it swims in. The glow of admiration lighting up the rich and the successful disperses before it reaches him, hinting that things have gone wrong somewhere. It suggests that beneath the sleek coating of luxury, deep under the sheen of power, there is a failure barely sensed by the man who owns that failure along with his expensive accoutrements. This was Arindam Chaudhuri’s situation when I first met him in 2007. He had achieved great wealth and prominence, partly by projecting an image of himself as wealthy and prominent. Yet somewhere along the way he had also created the opposite effect, which – in spite of his best efforts – had given him a reputation as a fraud, scamster and Johnny-come-lately. We’ll come to the question of frauds and scams later, but it is indisputable that Arindam had arrived very quickly. It had taken him just about a decade to build his business empire, but because his rise was so swift and his empire so blurry, it was possible to be quite ignorant of his existence unless one were particularly sensitive to the tremors created by new wealth in India. Indeed, throughout the years of Arindam’s meteoric rise, I had been happily oblivious of him, although once I had heard of him, I began to see him everywhere: in the magazines his media division published, flashing their bright colours and inane headlines at me from little news-stands made out of bricks and plastic sheets; in buildings fronted by dark glass where I imagined earnest young men imbibing the ideas of leadership disseminated by Arindam; and on the tiny screen in front of me on a flight from Delhi to Chicago when the film I had chosen for viewing turned out to have been produced by him. A Bombay gangster film, shot on a low budget, with a cast of unknown, modestly paid actors and actresses: was it an accident that the film was called Mithya? Theword means ‘lies’.
Still, I suppose we choose our own entanglements, and when I look back at the time in Delhi that led up to my acquaintance with Arindam, I realize that my meeting with him was inevitable. It was my task that summer to find a rich man as a subject, about the making and spending of money in India. In Delhi, there existed in plain sight
some evidence of what such making and spending of money amounted to. I could see it in the new road sweeping from the airport through south Delhi, turning and twisting around office complexes, billboards and a granite-and-glass shopping mall on the foothills of the Delhi Ridge that, when completed, would be the largest mall
in Asia. Around this landscape and its promise of Delhi as another Dubai or Singapore, I could see the many not-rich people and aspiring-to-be rich people, masses of them, on foot and on two-wheelers, packed into decrepit buses or squeezed into darting yellow-and-black auto-rickshaws, people quite inconsequential in relation to the world rising around and above them. The beggar children who performed somersaults at traffic lights, the boys displaying
menacing moustaches inked on to their faces, made it easy to tell who the rich were amid this swirling mass. The child acrobats focused their efforts at the Toyota Innova minivans and Mahindra Scorpio SUVs waiting at the crossing, their stunted bodies straining to reach up to the high windows. I felt that such scenes contained all that could be said about the rich in India, and the people I took out to expensive lunches offered me little more than glosses on the above.


A personal, narrative work of journalism and cultural analysis in the same vein as Adrian Nicole LeBlanc’s Random Family and V. S. Naipaul’s India series, The Beautiful and the Damned is an important and incisive new work.

Things To Leave Behind- an Excerpt

Things to Leave Behind brings alive the romance of the mixed legacy of British-Indian past. A rich, panoramic historical novel that shows you Kumaon and the Raj as you have never seen them, the book is full of the fascinating backstory of Naineetal and its unwilling entry into Indian history, throwing a shining light on the elemental confusion of caste, creed and culture, illuminated with painstaking detail.Things to Leave Behind is a fascinating historical epic and Namita Gokhale’s most ambitious novel yet.
Here is a brief excerpt from the book:


In 1856,  just before the fateful year of the Indian Mutiny,  a curious phenomenon was observed in the fledgling hill station of Naineetal. Six native women, draped in black and scarlet pichauras, circled the lake for three days, singing mournful songs which no one could understand. As they used the lower road, reserved for dogs and Indians, the British sahib-log chose to ignore their antics.
The Pahari community was, however, thrown into a panic. Thehill people knew, as the British did not, that it was the inauspicious month of the Shraddhas, when the spirits of the dead and gone hover over the lake in the late autumn evenings. Scarlet and black were colours sacred to the death cults and to the goddess Kali. These women could only be dakinis, evil female spirits with some dark, accursed purpose. But they said nothing, not even to each other. They hid their apprehensions behind stern looks and a tight-lipped silence, for, sometimes, to recognize an evil is to give it more force. Then there were the snails.
In the season after the first monsoon showers, snails had begun appearing in multitudes by the lake shore. Now they lay thick on the rocks, layers and layers of them, squirming and undulating. It was not a pretty sight, and Mr Lushington tried his best to investigate the cause of this unusual occurrence. He pored through the first two volumes of the Himalayan Gazetteer, so painstakingly compiled through the admirable efforts of Mr Atkinson. He searched the sections on the forests andwild tribes, and consulted the 1835 treatise on ‘Kemaon Geology & Natural Science’ by McClellant as well as Hooker’s Himalayan Journals: Notes of a Naturalist. Finally‚ he arrived at the conclusion that a particularly prolonged summer had destroyed the frog spawn, and that the mollusc population had consequently proliferated.
The hill folk of course knew better. ‘It’s the voice of the lake goddess,’ they whispered amongst themselves. ‘The lake goddess Naina Devi has sent her servants to announce her displeasure!’ When a young Englishwoman drowned near the rocks by the Ayarpatta shore, a new certainty entered these pronouncements. The whispers were louder and more insistent. ‘The lake goddess demands propitiation,’ the local Paharis told each other. ‘She is avenging the intrusion of the white man on her sacred waters.’


Set in the years 1840 to 1912, Things to Leave Behind chronicles the mixed legacy of the British Indian past and the emergence of a fragile modernity.

In Times of Siege – an Excerpt

Staff meetings, lesson modules, a half-hearted little affair with a colleague-this is the bland but comfortable life of Shiv Murthy, a history teacher in an open university. But disruption and change are on their way-an outspoken young woman with a broken knee comes into his life and turns it upside-down. Read In Times of Siege to know how Shiv is forced to confront the demands of his times and choose a direction for the future with love, lust and a perverted nationalism at his heels.
Here is an excerpt from Gita Hariharan’s, In Times of Siege.


The wave peaked, the story goes, when a marriage was arranged between the children of two veerashaiva couples.The bride-to-be was brahmin. The bridegroom-to-be was the son of a cobbler. This marriage is more the stuff of legend and folklore than stern history. But so apt a symbol was it of the crisis Kalyana was heading towards that every subsequent popular account took it for granted. The marriage is the ineluctable climax of the story in popular memory. (There is, however, ample historical evidence that Kalyanawas rocked by violence in King Bijjala’s last days.)The story is that the marriage was the catalyst; it generated a shock that charged all of Kalyana City.
The traditionalists were already enraged by Basava’s challenge to their monopoly of god and power and the afterlife. Now, terrorized by their fear that ‘even a pig and a goat and a dog’ could become a devotee of Siva in an equal society, they condemned this marriage as the first body blow against all things known, familiar, normal. Against, in short, a society based on caste. Egalitarian ideas are bad enough, but a cobbler and a brahmin in the same bed? As well bomb Kalyana (and its vigorous trade, its prosperous temples and palace) out of existence!  King Bijjala was pressured into joining the condemnation of the marriage. He sentenced the fathers of the bride and bridegroom (and the young untouchable bridegroom) to a special death. Tied to horses, they were dragged through the streets of Kalyana; then what was left of them was beheaded.
But Basava’s followers did not call themselves warriors of Siva for nothing. They, particularly the young and the militant, particularly those who had shed the stigma of their lower-caste status to become followers of Basava, retaliated. Basava’s call for non-violence was not heard. His charisma was no longer enough to keep the moderates and the extremists among his followers together. The city burned; now in the untouchable potters’ colonies, now in the coffer-heavy temples. Basava left the city for Kudalasangama, the meeting point of rivers that had been his inspiration in his youth. The king was assassinated, allegedly by two of Basava’s young followers.
Not long after King Bijjala’s death, Basava too died under mysterious circumstances. The popular legend is that the river, the waters of the meeting rivers, took him into their allembracing arms. Though veerashaivism would live on, its great moment of pushing for social change was over. What began as a critique of the status quo would be absorbed, bit by bit, into the sponge-like body of tradition and convention. But Basava and his companions left a legacy. A vision consisting of vigorous, modern thought; poetry of tremendous beauty and depth, images that couple the radical and the mystical. Most of all, Basava’s passionate questions would remain relevant more than eight hundred years later.
 


 
“What makes a fanatic? A fundamentalist? What makes communities that have lived together for years suddenly discover a hatred for each other? The book  In Times of Siege answers these pertinent questions.

The Secret Network Of Nature: Interesting Secret Networks of Nature

The natural world is a web of intricate connections, many of which go unnoticed by humans. But it is these connections that maintain nature’s finely balanced equilibrium.
Drawing on the latest scientific discoveries and decades of experience as a forester and bestselling author, Peter Wohlleben shows us, in his new book titled The Secret Network of Nature, how different animals, plants, rivers, rocks and weather systems cooperate, and what’s at stake when these delicate systems are unbalanced.
Here are two interesting secret networks of nature that we find in his book:
Wolves and the Course of Rivers
In the nineteenth century, people began to systematically eradicate wolves in Yellowstone, the first national park in the United States. This was primarily in response to pressure from ranchers in the surrounding areas, who were worried about their grazing livestock.
“No sooner was the pressure from predators lifted than elk populations began to increase steadily, and large areas of the park were stripped bare by the voracious animals. Riverbanks were particularly hard hit. The juicy grass by the river  disappeared, along with all the saplings growing there. Now this desolate landscape didn’t provide enough food even for birds, and the number of species declined drastically. Beaves were among the losers, because they depend not only on water but also on the trees that grow by the river – willows and poplars are some of their favourite foods. They cut them down so they can get at the trees’ nutrient-rich new growth, which they devour with relish. Because all the young deciduous trees alongside the water were ending up in the stomachs of hungry elk, the beavers had nothing to gnaw on, and they disappeared.
Riverbanks became wastelands, and without any vegetation to protect the ground, seasonal flooding washed away ever-increasing quantities of soil. Erosion advanced rapidly. As a result, the rivers began to meander more and follow increasingly winding paths through the landscape. And the less protection from the underlying layers of soil, the more pronounced the serpentine tendency, especially in the flat landscape.”
Salmon and Trees
“Young salmon swim out into the ocean, where they remain for two to four years. They hunt and hang out, but mostly what they are doing is getting bigger and fatter. On the north-west coast of North America there are a number of different species of salmon, of which the king salmon is the largest. After its youthful years at sea, a full-grown kind can be up to 1.5 meters long and weigh up to 30 kilograms. After scouring the vastness of the ocean in search of food, not only has it built up a lot of muscle, but it has also stored a lot of fat, which it will need to survive its strenuous journey back to the river where it was born.
Salmon battle their way against the current towards the headwaters of these rivers, sometimes for many hundreds of miles and up numerous waterfalls. They carry considerable quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus in their bodies, but these nutrients are of no significance to the salmon themselves. The only reason they are toiling their way upstream is so they can spawn, in the one and only frenzy of passion they will ever experience, and then finally breathe their last.
Over the course of their journey, the salmon’s silvery skin loses its metallic sheen and takes on a reddish hue. The fish are no longer eating, and as they deplete their stores of fat they are steadily losing weight. Using the last of their strength, they mate in their natal streams, and then, exhausted, they die. For the forest all around and its inhabitants, the salmon run means it’s time to get out and haul in the catch. Lining the riverbanks are hungry hunters – bears. And along the Pacific coast of North America, this means black bears and brown bears. The fish they catch from the rapids as the salmon fight their way upstream help them put on a thick layer of fat for the winter.
Depending on location and timing, the salmon have already lost some weight by the time they’re caught. At first the bears eat most of their catch, but later in the season they get choosier. They still scoop skinny salmon out of the water – fish that have used up their fat reserves and therefore contain fewer calories – but if the fish don’t contain much fat, the bears don’t eat much of them, and the carcasses they discard five many other animals the opportunity of a meal. Mink, foxes, birds of prey and a myriad of insects pounce on the lightly nibbled remains and drag them father into the undergrowth.
After mealtime, some parts of the salmon (such as the bones and the head) are left lying around to fertilise the soil directly. A lot of nitrogen is also distributed through the faeces the animals expel after their feast, and overall the amount of nitrogen that ends up in the forests alongside salmon streams is enormous. According to their detailed molecular analyses, reported scientists Scott M. Gende and Thomas P. Quinn, up to 70 per cent of the nitrogen in vegetation growing alongside these streams comes from the ocean – in other words, from salmon. Their data also show that nitrogen from salmon speeds up the growth of trees to such an extent that Sitka spruce in these areas grow up to three times faster than they would have without the fish fertiliser. In some trees, more than 80 per cent of the nitrogen they contain can be traced back to fish. How can we know this so precisely? The key is the isotope nitrogen-15, which in the Pacific Northwest is found almost exclusively in the ocean – or in fish.”


The Secret Network on Nature gives us a chance to marvel at the inner workings and unlikely partnerships of the natural world, where every entity has its own distinct purpose.

What Is Religion, and How Do Economists Think about It? – an Excerpt

Religion has not been a popular target for economic analysis. Yet the tools of economics can offer deep insights into how religious groups compete, deliver social services, and reach out to potential converts-how, in daily life, religions nurture and deploy market power.
Here is an excerpt from Sriya Iyer’s book, The Economics of Religion in India.


It is 6 a.m. in the South Indian temple town of Swamimalai. The temple is buzzing with activity: priests in traditional dress chant holy scriptures in harmony; sticks of sandalwood incense and oil lamps are lit till they glow brightly; vendors hawk their wares loudly, selling fruits, flowers, and garlands to adorn the temple idols. The idols themselves are bathed in milk and honey and dressed for the day in beautiful rainbow- colored silks, bedecked with jewels. The smell of sweet rice and jaggery cooking together for the morning prasadam (an offering to the gods) fills the air. And yet for all its beauty and grandeur, the exotic sights and smells of a South Indian temple at dawn is just another early morning ritual for the residents of this little town on the banks of the Kaveri River— a heady cocktail of prayer, jasmine, roses, sandalwood, jaggery, oil, and ghee that is believed to preserve and protect them forever.
The aim of this book is to discuss why economists need to be concerned about bringing their insights and methods to bear on the study of religion, and how this might be helpful for development policy— not just in India, with which this book is primarily concerned, but also in other countries characterized by religious pluralism. In The Religion We Need, the distinguished Indian philosopher of religion Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan wrote that religion “is an expression of the spiritual experience of a race, a record of its social evolution, an integral element of the society in which it is
found” (1928, 25). Almost forty years after Radhakrishnan wrote his book, two sociologists of religion, Charles Glock and Rodney Stark, defined religion in Religion and Society in Tension as “what societies hold to be sacred, comprises an institutionalized system of symbols, beliefs, values, and practices focused on questions of ultimate meaning” (1965, 4). Scholars have grappled for centuries with the question of how to define religion. For economists, definitions are central to the process of modeling. Yet the vast scholarship on defining religion suggests that it is not possible to define it precisely. Of course, there are very famous textbook definitions that social
scientists agree are helpful in this respect. Émile Durkheim’s definition of religion is usually considered one the most famous: “A religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, that is to say, things set apart and forbidden— beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them” (1915, 4).
Economists use economic theories to understand religion and draw upon both theoretical and empirical economics to help elucidate religious practice and religious change. This chapter draws upon literatures in sociology, philosophy, and history to discuss these issues and illustrate how economists can make useful contributions to existing thinking on religion and its role in society. For example, I explore issues such as the secularization hypothesis; the relationship between religious pluralism and religious participation; why some religions appear to become more flexible or accommodating as they evolve over time, while others develop more fundamentalist groups of adherents; and the resilience of religion (Stark and Finke 2002). I also discuss the manner in which religion contributes significantly to the building of norms and networks among populations. I contrast these economic theories, which claim to account for the resilience of religion, with theories from other disciplines such as those involving family socialization, social networks, and a belief in otherworldly or supernatural elements. The key aim of the book is to view the persistence of religion in societies not merely as the outcome of largely sociological processes, but also as a rational economic response to changes in the political, ecological, and economic environments in which religions operate. The competitive, adaptive, pluralistic, and fragmented character of Hinduism makes the economic approach both particularly helpful and indeed necessary for understanding religion in India. Moreover, while much academic research has been devoted and is being devoted to the study of Christianity and Islam, relatively little work, at least in economics, is devoted to the study of Hinduism. This book attempts to fill that gap in the literature.


The Economics of Religion in India has much to teach us about India and other pluralistic societies the world over, and about the power of economics to illuminate some of societies’ deepest beliefs and dynamics.

Shot in the Dark

by Aslesha Kadian

30 May 1999.
Kriti was restless. She was hovering around her mother who was packing at a frantic pace. They were to leave for Srinagar in a couple of hours to spend the summer vacations with her father who was commanding a battalion about a 100 km north of the city.
It had been seven months since she last saw him. The calls had not been very regular either. She was looking forward to cutting her tenth birthday cake with him in three days. She missed him.
Her grandfather, who she fondly called Kaku, was to drop them to the airport.
Minutes later, her mother shoved her into the bathroom. Kriti had picked out her purple t-shirt that her father loved. They had spoken that morning and he had promised to be at the airport.
Hours later, they landed in Srinagar. Two tall, uniformed men whisked them away from the aircraft and into a Gypsy. Her father wasn’t there. Well, he will be at the camp, she consoled herself. Even Shamir, his right-hand man and shadow, wasn’t there.
Shamir was a Kashmiri. Kriti loved his grey eyes and was very fond of him. He had taught her many badminton tricks and shown her how to pick ripe cherries straight from the trees. He had a daughter who was the same age.
Kriti hated the bulletproof vehicles. They were suffocating. There were not even any windows she could peep out of, just tiny spaces from where the mouths of the AK-47s jutted out.
She didn’t know when she dozed off. The next thing she remembered was being scooped out of the Gypsy by her father. She almost didn’t recognize him because of his beard, but the twinkle in his eyes was the same. Right behind him was Shamir, holding out a toffee for her.
After a while, when her father finally put her down, she clutched on to his waist as he took her mother and her around the small camp. Shamir was close behind at all times. The camp was the same as the others she had seen. The accommodation in one corner, a long tent that doubled up as the officers’ mess and the basketball and badminton courts in another corner.
She felt like she was in familiar territory. Hopping and skipping, she raced up to their room that would be home for the next few weeks. From the window, she could see the snow-peaked mountains in the distance. But she knew that once it was dark they would have to draw the dark curtains and avoid switching on the bright tube light. Her father said it drew attention and could make them potential targets.
She slept early that day. The next two days were spent prancing around the camp with Shamir. The evenings were spent gulping down glass after glass of Coca-Cola, all the time fearing her mother would find out.
On the eve of her birthday, her father had organized a small party in the officers’ mess. Though there was nobody her age there, she was enjoying the attention. At some point, in the midst of the glasses clinking, she fell asleep.
She woke up to hear bullets being fired. She crept out of bed and walked to the window. Were that sparks darting across the boundary wall? Her mother came out of the bathroom and pulled her away from the window. Kriti knew her father was out there. She put her hand under his pillow. Yes, his rifle was missing. He was definitely out there. But where? Behind the camp were orchards. It seemed scary even during the day. She dreaded the thought of stepping into it in pitch darkness. She got into bed and hugged her mother tight.
Minutes later, they heard footsteps. Then there was a knock. Her mother cautiously stepped out of the bed and picked up a thick stick from under the bed. She opened the door an inch. The person on the other side, a tall man in black clothes with a black cloth sweeping across his face, barged in.
Kriti tried screaming but no noise escaped her throat. The man pulled her roughly and threw her over his shoulders. Kriti barely caught a glimpse of her mother. Her face was white. The man raced down the stairs. Her mother followed. Strangely, she wasn’t screaming or shouting.
At the door, she saw Shamir. Kriti extended a hand towards him. His usual smiling face wore a deadpan look. She wanted to ask him where her father was! Why didn’t he try to stop this man who was taking her away!
The man sprinted towards the officers’ mess. She could see Shamir and her mother running behind them. Was Mummy wearing a bulletproof jacket?
The sight of Shamir was comforting for her. She could see his eyes fixed on her unflinchingly.
Just then, the man faltered. It was almost as if someone had pushed him. Kriti, whose hand was holding on to his hair, felt something wet at the base of his neck. She could smell something metallic. She felt dizzy. Her head felt like it would burst. Her half-open eyes desperately searched for her mother and Shamir in the darkness. The man had made it to the tent of the officers’ mess by then. He pushed apart the flap covering the entrance and paused for a second. He turned his head. That was when Kriti saw her mother kneeling down. Shamir! He must have tripped, she thought. She wanted to go check on him and pull her mother and him into the tent.
Inside the tent, the man almost threw her off his back and ran up to the table at the other end. She could see familiar faces all around. She looked at the man in black clothes. His gaze sent a chill down her spine. And then he pulled the black cloth away from his face. She was stunned. She couldn’t believe what she saw.
The man was her father! And then she saw the blood. His ear was bleeding. She could see his black shirt glistening because of the blood. She didn’t know whether she was scared or relieved.
Just then her mother ran inside, tears streaming down her cheeks. Her mother was fine, but where was Shamir! Was he hurt? Why wasn’t her father going to help him? Where was the doctor?
She heard a few more shots and then there was silence. All the lights had been switched off. Her father grabbed a torch and headed out. He came back within minutes. Kriti ran to him. His face was wet. Was he crying? Why?
Moments later, two soldiers came in with a body. Her father knelt beside it. His head was bent forward. Was he praying? Kriti walked up to him; nobody stopped her. She hid behind her father, peeking out from behind him.
Shamir lay motionless. There was a hole in his forehead. Her father pulled her close. She managed to speak up. ‘Dad?’
‘He always joked that he would take a bullet for me. Today, he actually did.’ With that, a tear made its way down her father’s face.
That was the last time Kriti saw Shamir, but she never forgot his smile.
The next day, a new man walked behind her father. He did the same things that Shamir did for him; he even tried to befriend Kriti and take her out for a few basketball shots. But it wasn’t the same, neither for her, nor for her father.

A Game Changer's Memoir – an Excerpt

Highly admired for his outstanding credentials as the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) Chairman, G.N. Bajpai was hastily appointed as the Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) during one of its most turbulent times between 2002 and 2005. A focused regulator, he revamped the entire organization and introduced reforms and measures of global standards causing the security markets to make major leaps which had so far been inconceivable. He played a substantial role in helping India emerge as a highly competitive, immensely lucrative and influential capital market.
A masterful strategist, Bajpai, in his book, A Game Changer’s Memoir recounts his truly inspiring journey as he weaved through complex rules and frameworks in his efforts to turn SEBI into an effective financial regulator for the country.
Here is an excerpt!


“The first two years of my tenure were spent focusing on bringing in reforms like T+2, STP, fast-tracking quasi-judicial proceedings, and letting the hurricane of Scam 2001 calm down. It is only in the latter part of my tenure that I started making the rounds of investor forums across the world. I went to Singapore,
Hong Kong, New York, London and other international financial centres to market the India growth story to FIIs. After all, theIndian capital market was competitively efficacious and was growing by leaps and bounds. It provided ample opportunities to investors to profit from the continuing economic reforms in the country. And I was also aware that our presence at the global forums was low-key compared with that of other countries. I wanted to send out a message saying how strong we were.
In 2004 the UPA came to power and P. Chidambaram became the finance minister, and therefore also a member (as India’s representative) on the Board of Governors of World Bank (WB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), IMF, and the like. He made it a point to be there at all global forums, like the WB, ADB and IMF meetings. He raised the level of India’s participation in investor forums by attending them himself, and SEBI became an inseparable part thereof. Consequently, my presence too increased at various global investor forums. As we will see, this turned out to be quite helpful, and the practice is continued even now.
The Taxation Issue Faced by FIIs
For the first global investor meet, an informal forum with fund managers in New York, the FM asked me to join him too. … I decided to join the New York and London forums and travelled there just for a day each. These forums were attended by many investors, FIIs and some big broking houses like Merrill Lynch and Morgan Stanley. After the formal talks, there were one-to-one meetings, where two groups of fund managers focused on the subject of taxation. One issue regarded the capital gains tax that FIIs were required to pay on their share purchases and sales in the Indian stock markets. They did not have an issue with the tax per se, but they had complaints about its timing. Capital gains are taxed, as the name suggests, when a gain is made, and gain is known when a transaction is complete. The completion of a transaction may happen after a gap of many years, and the exact tax liability remains unknown till well after completion of the transaction and assessment of liability by the assessing officer.
This is owing to the fact that there is generally a gap between filing the income tax return and the assessment. In a typical transaction, the FIIs buying/selling shares in Indian markets through Indian brokers complete their usual Indian tax return formalities for the year at the end of the year, pay their self-assessed liability (on a tax consultant’s advice) and go on about their normal business. (It is to be noted that no tax was required to be paid at the time of transaction). After a few years, when assessment is made, capital gains tax liability (in most cases additional) springs up on these FIIs. This put FIIs in a bit of a jeopardy. FIIs are institutions executing securities transactions on behalf of customers or investors who are the persons liable to pay tax. But most of the time, these customers having cashed out and gone, it becomes well-nigh impossible for FIIs to recover, after several years, the tax levied on them by the Indian Tax Authorities from their end investors. Since the investors represented by these FIIs have closed their transactions with the FIIs, made their profits and moved out, there was no way that FIIs could deduct the tax liabilities from their payments to these investors. This was because the actual (not estimated) liability was not determined before the end customers closed their transactions with the FIIs. And even if these FIIs went back to those investors to recover the tax, the investors would not oblige them, leaving the FIIs to bear the tax burden.
The suggestion towards a solution was to levy something upfront, at the time of the transaction. The FIIs would then deduct the tax liability from their investors and then pay the Indian tax authorities. We heard them out and came back to India, determined to solve the problem. Later, I also got to know that there was a number of pending legal cases in India which were pertaining to such tax issues between FIIs and the investors they represented. Until I started attending these forums myself, I never got to know about these taxation issues. What the FII representatives told me was a common complaint at many such global investor forums. Even domestic institutional investors (DII) in India had the same complaint. Now, since the FM himself was present at most of these forums, he too understood the problem and started exploring ways to tackle it…”


Easy-flowing and readable with the writer’s anecdotal and educative style of writing and yet greatly comprehensive, this is a go-to book for a new generation of aspiring financial groundbreakers.

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